Influencia del síndrome metabólico en los resultados de la cirugía del sector aorto-iliaco / Influence of the metabolic syndrome on the results of the surgery of the aortic-iliac sector

Introducción: El síndrome metabólico está relacionado con el incremento de la morbilidad y mortalidad de las enfermedades. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia del síndrome metabólico sobre los resultados de la cirugía revascularizadora del sector aorto-ilíaco. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en dos etapas, en 114 pacientes atendidos en un período de cuatro años (2010-2014) en el Hospital Hermanos Ameijeiras con el diagnóstico de aneurisma de la aorta infrarrenal o enfermedad esteno-oclusiva aorto-ilíaca. Las variables fueron: presencia del síndrome metabólico y tipo de sus criterios positivos, enfermedad al ingreso, complicaciones posoperatoria, condición al alta (vivo /fallecido) y estancia hospitalaria. Se realizó el análisis estadístico correspondiente. Resultados: El 64 por ciento presentó el síndrome metabólico (p= 0,004), que predominó en la enfermedad esteno-oclusiva (48,2 por ciento) y en el aneurisma de la aorta abdominal infrarrenal (15,8 por ciento) sin diferencias significativas entre ambas entidades (p= 0,466). El 43,8 por ciento presentó cuatro criterios positivos, donde la hipertensión arterial fue la más frecuente (94,5 por ciento). Las complicaciones posquirúrgicas (relacionadas con la cirugía y respiratorias) se produjeron en el 64,4 por ciento. Hubo cinco fallecidos (5,3 por ciento) por enfermedades cardiovasculares y vasculares periféricas. El 50,7 por ciento de los enfermos con síndrome metabólico complicado acumuló más de 10 días de estadía posoperatoria. Conclusiones: El síndrome metabólico influye de forma negativa en los resultados de la cirugía revascularizadora del sector aorto-ilíaco en los pacientes con aneurisma de la aorta abdominal infrarrenal o con enfermedad esteno-oclusiva aorto-ilio-femoral, por el incremento de la frecuencia de complicaciones posoperatorias(AU)

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome is related to the increase of the morbidity and the mortality of diseases. Objective: To determine the influence of the metabolic syndrome on the results of the revascularization surgery performed in the aortic-iliac sector. Methods: A two-phase descriptive study was conducted in 114 patients, who were diagnosed with infrarenal aortic aneurysm or steno-occlusive aortic-iliac disease and treated in Hermanos Ameijeiras hospital from 2010-2014. The study variables were presence of metabolic syndrome and type of positive criteria of the same, disease on admission, postoperative complications, patient´s condition on discharge (alive/dead) and hospital length of stay at hospital. The corresponding statistical analysis was made. Results: Sixty four percent presented with the metabolic syndrome (p= 0.004), predominating in steno-occlusive disease (48.2 percent) and the infrarenal abdominal aorta aneurysm (15.8 percent) without significant differences between the two conditions (P= 0.466). In the group, 43.8 percent showed four positive criteria, being hypertension the most common (94.5 percent). Post-surgical complications (related to surgery and respiratory problems) occurred in 64.4 percent. There were five deaths (5.3 percent) due to cardiovascular disease and peripheral vascular diseases. The 50.7 percent of patients with complicated metabolic syndrome had stayed more than 10 days at hospital after surgery. Conclusions: The metabolic syndrome has negative impact on the results of the revascularization surgery of the aortic-iliac sector in patients with infrarenal abdominal aorta aneurysm or with aortic-iliac-femoral steno-occlusive disease, due to increased frequency of postoperative complications(AU)

Is age a determinant factor in evar as a predictor of outcomes or in the selection procedure? our experience

Abstract Introduction: Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is the therapy of choice in high risk patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm. The good results described are leading to the broadening of clinical indications to younger patients. However, reintervention rates seem higher and even with successful treatment sometimes there is growth of the aneurysm sac and rupture, meaning a failure of the therapeutic goal. This study proposes to analyse the impact of age in patients' selection and post-EVAR results. Methods: The clinical records of consecutive patients undergoing endovascular aneurysm repair, between 2001 and 2013, were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided according to age groups (<70, 70-80 and >80 years). Gender, body mass index, aneurysm anatomic features, neck characteristics, iliac morphology, surgical indication, endograft type, anesthesic risk classification, length of stay, reinterventions and mortality were analysed and compared. Results: The study included 171 patients, 161 (94.1%) men, and mean age 74.1±8.9 years. The age group under 70 had 32% of the patients. Only three characteristics were found different among age groups: 1) body mass index was higher in younger patients, with a considerable trend toward significance (P=0.06); 2) surgical indication, in the younger group, surgeon's and the patient's option were more proeminent (P<0.05); 3) erectile dysfunction was higher in elderly group (P<0.05). No other clinical and anatomical characteristics or final outcomes were found statisticaly different among age groups. Conclusion: The absence of statistically differences in mortality and reinterventions among age groups suggests that age by itself is not a relevant factor in endovascular aneurysm repair. Indeed, the three characteristics different in younger (obesity, sexual function and patient's choice) favor endovascular aneurysm repair.

Persistent sciatic artery originating from left common iliac artery

Persistent sciatic artery is a very rare seen variation of the lower limb vessels. Anatomically the persistent sciatic artery is the continuation of internal iliac arteries and usually leads to several symptoms such as intermittent claudication, pulsatile mass in the buttocks, and pain radiating to the lower limb. However, in untreated patients with serious complications, amputation can occur. In this case report, we describe persistent sciatic artery originating from left common iliac artery in a 72-year-old male patient who complained pain in the left leg, because of the importance of clinical and diagnostic challenges

Aneurismas del sector aorto ilíaco: experiencia personal / Results of surgical treatment of aneurysms of the aorto iliac segment: review of 90 patients

Background: Abdominal aorta is the most common site for the formation of degenerative aneurysms. which remain asymptomatic until they rupture. Aim: To review the results of surgical treatment of aorto iliac segment aneurysms. Material and Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of 90 patients aged 48 to 88 years (60 males), operated for aneurysms of the aorto iliac segment, between 1998 and 2008. Patients were followed for a mean of 40 months. Results: Eighty six patients had infrarenal aneurysms with or without iliac extension and four had puré iliac aneurysms. Four patients had inflammatory aneurysms Eighty five were treated with open surgery. Of these, nine had ruptured or fissured aneurysms, two had lower limb ischemia, one had an extrinsic compression and one a complete thrombosis of the aneurysm. Five patients, without complications, were subjected to an endovascular repair. Overall 30 days mortality was 4.4 percent. The figures for ruptured and uncomplicated aneurysms were 11.1 and 2.7 percent respective ly. No patient subjected to endovascular repair died. One, two and three years survival rates were 90, 79 and 78 percent respectively. No patient died due to complications of the prosthetic graft. Three patients required an early re-intervention (an embolectomy in one and for a femoro-femoral bridge in two). Nine patients required a late re-intervention (an intestinal obstruction due to adherences in one and incisional hernias in eight). No patient subjected to endovascular repair required a re-intervention. Conclusions: Surgery for aorto iliac segment aneurysms is safe and avoids deaths caused by their complications.

Objetivo: Analizar la morbimortalidad precoz y alejada en la cirugía de los aneurismas del sector aorto-ilíaco. Material y Método: Revisión retrospectiva en una serie personal de pacientes operados en forma consecutiva por aneurismas del sector aorto-ilíaco desde 1998 a 2008 con seguimiento actualizado. Resultados: Se trata de 90 pacientes (60 varones), promedio de edad 72,7 años; 15,5 por ciento de 80 años o mayores; 86 casos de aneurismas de la aorta abdominal infrarrenal con o sin extensión ilíaca y 4 aneurismas ilíacos puros. Fueron sometidos a una cirugía abierta 85 pacientes y 5 tuvieron una reparación endovascular. De los 85 pacientes operados en forma abierta 13 presentaban alguna complicación: 9 rotos o Asurados, 2 con isquemia de una extremidad, una compresión extrínseca y una trombosis completa aguda del aneurisma. Hubo 4 casos de aneurisma inflamatorio. Los pacientes reparados en forma endovascular no estaban complicados. La mortalidad operatoria global a 30 días fue de 4,4 por ciento (4/90), en aneurismas rotos fue de 11,1 por ciento (1/9), en aneurismas no complicados fue un 2,7 por ciento (2/73), en casos de cirugía abierta un 4,7 por ciento (4/85) y no hubo mortalidad en la cirugía endovascular. El seguimiento medio fue de 39,63 meses (rango 1-131 meses). La supervivencia global fue de 89,7 por ciento, 79,2 por ciento y 77,8 por ciento al primer, tercer y quinto año. En el post-operatorio en relación a la cirugía clásica fueron intervenidos 12 pacientes (12/85: 14,1 por ciento), 3 precozmente (una embolectomía y dos puentes fémoro-femorales) y 9 en forma tardía (8 hernioplastías incisionales y una obstrucción intestinal por bridas). No hemos reintervenido los pacientes operados en forma endovascular. En el seguimiento alejado la mortalidad tuvo como causas principales las enfermedades cardíacas, respiratorias agudas y el cáncer avanzado, sin complicaciones o mortalidad atribuibles al injerto protésico...

Endovascular treatment of a triple paraanastomotic aneurysm after aortobiiliac reconstruction / Tratamento endovascular de triplo aneurisma para-anastomótico após derivação aorto-biilíaca

We report a case of a 72-year-old patient considered unfit for open surgery, presenting with paraanastomotic aneurysms of all three anastomoses, 13 years after an open aortobiiliac reconstruction for abdominal aortic aneurysm. This patient was successfully treated with an endovascular approach using a left aortouniiliac endograft and a right iliac tubular endograft, followed by crossover femorofemoral bypass. This report illustrates the usefulness of a minimally invasive approach for solving this complication of aortic open surgery and discusses technical issues related to endovascular devices in this particular setting.

Relatamos um caso de um paciente de 72 anos não considerado elegível para cirurgia aberta, apresentando aneurismas para-anastomóticos das três anastomoses, 13 anos após uma reconstrução aberta aorto-biilíaca para aneurisma aórtico abdominal. Este paciente foi tratado com sucesso através de abordagem endovascular usando uma endoprótese aorto-uniilíaca esquerda e uma endoprótese tubular ilíaca direita, seguida por derivação cruzada fêmoro-femoral. Este relato ilustra a utilidade de uma abordagem minimamente invasiva para o tratamento desta complicação da cirurgia aórtica aberta e discute questões técnicas relacionadas a dispositivos endovasculares neste contexto em especial.

Fístula ilíaco-cava abdominal: uma rara e insuspeitada causa de hipertensão pulmonar e congestão sistêmica / Abdominal cava-iliac fistula: a rare and unsuspected cause of pulmonary hypertension and systemic congestion

As fístulas arteriovenosas abdominais (FAVA) são uma rara complicação dos aneurismas ilíacos e de aorta abdominal. Relata-se o caso de um paciente de 75 anos, com hipertensão pulmonar e congestão sistêmica secundários a uma fístula ilíaco-cava abdominal. O diagnóstico foi sugerido por ecocardiografia e confirmado por angiotomografia. O tratamento cirúrgico endovascular levou à remissão total do quadro clínico circulatório e respiratório apresentado, comprovando o seu nexo causal com essas manifestações.

Aneurisma ilíaco associado a fístula arteriovenosa / Iliac aneurysm associated with arteriovenous fistula / Iliac aneurysm associated with arteriovenous fistula

A ruptura dos aneurismas aorto-ilíacos para a veia ilíaca ou veia cava é uma complicação pouco comum. A hipertensão venosa leva a vários sinais e sintomas, o que dificulta o diagnóstico pré-operatório, tais como edema do membro inferior, dispnéia, hematúria, sinais de insuficiência renal ou cardíaca. Sopro abdominal é a chave do diagnóstico clínico, associado à massa pulsátil e dor abdominal. O reconhecimento da fístula arteriovenosa no pré-operatório é importante para o planejamento cirúrgico. Relatamos um caso de aneurisma da artéria ilíaca comum e interna direita associado a fístula para veia ilíaca comum, cursando, inicialmente, com edema do membro inferior direito e dispnéia, o que levou ao diagnóstico incorreto de trombose venosa profunda.

Rupture of aortoiliac aneurysms into the iliac vein or vena cava is an uncommon complication. Many signs and symptoms develop as a result of venous hypertension, which makes preoperative diagnosis difficult, such as leg edema, dyspnea, hematuria, signs of renal or cardiac insufficiency. Abdominal bruit, associated with pulsatile mass and abdominal pain, is the key for clinical diagnosis. Preoperative recognition of arteriovenous fistula is important for surgical planning. We report a case of right internal and common iliac artery aneurysm associated with fistula into the common iliac vein. Initial symptoms were right leg edema and dyspnea, which induced to the incorrect diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis.

Pseudoaneurysms of large arteries associated with AIDS

BACKGROUND: Several vascular complications are known to occur in association with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and recent publications have called attention to the development of pseudoaneurysms of large arteries in patients with AIDS. CASE REPORT: We report on 2 patients with AIDS aged 23 and 31 years with pseudoaneurysms of the abdominal aorta and common iliac arteries. After clinical and radiological evaluation by arteriography and computed tomography, the patients were submitted to aneurysmectomy, with the placement of a patch of dacron in the first case and the interposition of a right aorto-iliac and left femoral prosthesis in the second. The second patient developed new aneurysms of the right subclavian and left popliteal arteries 2 months after surgery. Proximal ligation of the right subclavian artery was performed to treat the first aneurysm and resection and interposition of a reversed saphenous vein was carried out to treat the pseudoaneurysm of the popliteal artery. Histopathological examination of the popliteal artery revealed necrotizing arteritis